Gahan, J.M., Cartwright, P., Nicotra, M.L., Schnitzler, C.E., Steinmetz, P.R.H., Juliano, C.E. 2023. Cnidofest 2022: hot topics in cnidarian research. EvoDevo 14:13. https://rdcu.be/dklue

Febrimarsa, Gornik, S.G., Barreira, S.N., Salinas-Saavedra, M., Schnitzler, C.E., Baxevanis, A.D., Frank, U. 2023. Randomly incorporated genomic N6-methyldeoxyadenosine delays zygotic transcription initiation in a cnidarian. The EMBO Journal e112934. https://doi.org/10.15252/embj.2022112934

Cazet, J.F., Siebert, S., Morris Little, H., Bertemes, P., Primack, A.S., Ladurner, P., Achrainer, M., Fredriksen, M.T., Moreland, R.T., Singh, S., Zhang, S., Wolfsberg, T.G., Schnitzler, C.E., Baxevanis, A.D., Simakov, O., Hobmayer, B., Juliano, C.E. 2023. A chromosome-scale epigenetic map of the Hydra genome reveals conserved regulators of cell state. Genome Research 33: 283-298. https://genome.cshlp.org/content/33/2/283

Chen, Ruoxu; Sanders, Steven M.; Ma, Zhiwei; Paschall, Justin; Chang, E. Sally; Riscoe, Brooke M.; Schnitzler, Christine E.; Baxevanis, Andreas D.; Nicotra, Matthew L. 2023. XY sex determination in a cnidarian. BMC Biology 21: 32. https://bmcbiol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12915-023-01532-2

Huene, A.L., Sanders, S.M., Ma, Z., Nguyen, A-D., Koren, S., Michaca, M.H., Mullikin, J.C., Phillippy, A.M., Schnitzler, C.E., Baxevanis, A.D., Nicotra, M.L. 2022. The Hydractinia Allorecognition Complex encodes a novel family of immunoglobulin superfamily proteins. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) 119(40): e2207374119. https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2207374119

Quiroga-Artigas, G., de Jong, D., Schnitzler, C.E. 2022. GNL3 is an evolutionarily conserved stem cell gene influencing cell proliferation, animal growth and regeneration in the hydrozoan Hydractinia. Open Biology 12:220120. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsob.220120

Chrysostomou, E., Flici, H., Gornik, S.G., Salinas-Saavedra, M., Gahan, J.M., McMahon, E.T., Thompson, K., Hanley, S., Kincoyne, M., Schnitzler, C.E., Gonzalez, P., Baxevanis, A.D., Frank, U. 2022. A cellular and molecular analysis of SoxB-driven neurogenesis in a cnidarian. eLife 11:e78793. https://elifesciences.org/articles/78793

Farrell, J.A., Yetsko, K., Whitmore, L., Whilde, J., Eastman, C.B., Ramia, D.R., Thomas, R., Linser, P., Creer, S., Burkhalter, B., Schnitzler, C.E., Duffy, D.J. 2021. Environmental DNA monitoring of oncogenic viral shedding and genomic profiling of sea turtle fibropapillomatosis reveals unusual viral dynamics. Communications Biology 4, 565. https://www.nature.com/articles/s42003-021-02085-2

Yetsko, K., Farrell, J.A., Blackburn, N.B., Whitmore, L., Stammnitz, M.R., Whilde, J., Eastman, C.B., Ramia, D.R., Thomas, R., Krstic, A., Linser, P., Creer, S., Carvalho, G., Devlin, M.A., Nahvi, N., Leandro, A.C., deMaar, T.W., Burkhalter, B., Murchison, E.P., Schnitzler, C.E. and Duffy. D.J. 2021. Molecular characterization of a marine turtle tumor epizootic, profiling external, internal and post-surgical regrowth tumors. Communications Biology 4, 152. https://www.nature.com/articles/s42003-021-01656-7

Gahan, J.M., Rentzsch, F., Schnitzler, C.E. 2020. The genetic basis for PRC1 complex diversity emerged early in animal evolution. PNAS 117(37): 22880-22889. https://www.pnas.org/content/117/37/22880

Quiroga-Artigas, G., Duscher, A., Lundquist, K., Waletich, J., Schnitzler, C.E. 2020. Gene knockdown via electroporation of short hairpin RNAs in embryos of the marine hydroid Hydractinia symbiolongicarpus. Scientific Reports 10 (12806). https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-69489-8

Newkirk, C.R., Frazer, T.K., Martindale, M.Q., Schnitzler, C.E. 2020. Adaptation to Bleaching: Are Thermotolerant Symbiodiniaceae Strains More Successful Than Other Strains Under Elevated Temperatures in a Model Symbiotic Cnidarian? Frontiers in Microbiology 11 (822). https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2020.00822/full

Frank, U., Nicotra, M.L., Schnitzler, C.E. 2020. The colonial cnidarian Hydractinia. EvoDevo 11 (7). https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13227-020-00151-0

DuBuc, T.Q., Schnitzler, C.E., Chrysostomou, E., McMahon, E.T., Febrimarsa, Gahan, J.M., Buggie, T., Gornik, S.G., Hanley, S., Barreira, S.N., Gonzalez, P., Baxevanis, A.D., Frank, U. 2020. Transcription factor AP2 controls cnidarian germ cell induction. Science 367(6479): 757-762. https://science.sciencemag.org/content/367/6479/757

He, S., Grasis, J.A., Nicotra, M.L., Juliano, C.E., Schnitzler, C.E. 2019. Cnidofest 2018: the future is bright for cnidarian research. EvoDevo 10:20. https://evodevojournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13227-019-0134-5

Schnitzler, C.E. 2019. What makes a jellyfish. Nature Ecology and Evolution 3: 724. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Christine-Schnitzler-3/publication/332432997_What_makes_a_jellyfish/links/5cbdc517a6fdcc1d49a7482d/What-makes-a-jellyfish.pdf

Siebert, S., Farrell, J.A., Cazet, J., Abeykoon, Y., Primack, A.S., Schnitzler, C.E., Juliano, C.E. 2019. Stem cell differentiation trajectories in Hydra resolved at single-cell resolution. Science 365:eeav9314. https://science.sciencemag.org/content/365/6451/eaav9314

Sanders, S.M., Ma, Z., Hughes, J.M., Riscoe, B.M., Gibson, G.A., Watson, A.M., Flici, H., Frank, U., Schnitzler, C.E., Baxevanis, A.D., Nicotra, M.L. 2018. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene knockin in the hydroid Hydractinia symbiolongicarpus. BMC Genomics 19:649. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12864-018-5032-z

Duffy, D, Schnitzler, C.E., Karpinski, L, Thomas, R, Whilde, J, Eastman, C, Yang, C, Krstic, A, Rollinson, D, Zirkelbach, B, Yetsko, K, Burkhalter, B, Martindale, M.Q. 2018. Sea turtle fibropapilloma tumors share genomic drivers and therapeutic vulnerabilities with human cancers. Communications Biology 1:63.

Haddock, S.H.D., Christianson, L.M., Francis, W.R., Martini, S., Powers, M.L., Dunn, C.W., Pugh, P.R., Mills, C.E., Osborn, K.J., Seibel, B.A., Choy, C.A., Schnitzler, C.E., Matsumoto, G.I., Messié, M., Schultz, D.T., Winnikoff, J.R., Gasca, R., Browne, W.E., Johnsen, S., Schlining, K.L., von Thun, S., Erwin, B.E., Ryan, J.F., Thuesen, E.V. 2017. Insights into the biodiversity, behavior, and bioluminescence of deep-sea organisms using molecular and maritime technology. Oceanography 30(4):38-47.

Davidson, P.L., Koch, B.J., Schnitzler, C.E., Henry, J.Q., Martindale, M.Q., Browne, W.E. 2017. The maternal-zygotic transition and zygotic activation of the Mnemiopsis leidyi genome occurs within the first three cleavage cycles. Molecular Reproduction and Development 84: 1218-1229. 

Berthelier, J., Schnitzler, C.E., Wood-Charlson, E.M., Poole, A.Z., Weis, V.M., Detournay, O. 2017. Implication of the host TGFβ pathway in the onset of symbiosis between larvae of the coral Fungia scutaria and the dinoflagellate Symbiodinium sp. (clade C1f). Coral Reefs 36: 1263-1268.

Gahan, J.M., Schnitzler, C.E., DuBuc, T.Q., Doonan, L.B., Kanska, J., Gornik, S.G., Barreira, S., Thompson, K., Schiffer, P.,  Baxevanis, A.D., Frank, U. 2017. Functional studies on the role of Notch signaling in Hydractinia development. Developmental Biology. 1:224-231.

Dupre, C., Grasis, J.A., Steele, R.E., Schnitzler, C.E., Juliano, C.E. 2017. Hydroidfest 2016: celebrating a renaissance in hydrozoan research. EvoDevo 8:7.

Voolstra, C., GIGA Community of Scientists (COS), Worheide, G., Lopez, J. 2017. Advancing genomics through the Global Invertebrate Genomics Alliance (GIGA). Invertebrate Systematics 31: 1–7. [I was part of the GIGA Community of Scientists group.]

Flici, H., Schnitzler, C.E., Millane, R.C., Govinden, G., Houlihan, A., Boomkamp, S.D., Shen, S., Baxevanis, A.D., Frank, U. 2017.  An evolutionarily conserved SoxB-Hdac2 crosstalk regulates neurogenesis in a cnidarian. Cell Reports 18:1395-1409. PMCID: PMC5312794.

Török, A, Schiffer, PH, Schnitzler, CE, Ford, K, Mullikin, JC, Baxevanis, AD, Bacic, A, Frank, U, Gornik, SG. 2016. The cnidarian Hydractinia echinata employs canonical and highly adapted histones to pack its DNA. Epigenetics & Chromatin 9:36. PMCID: PMC5011920

Francis, WR, Christianson, LM, Powers, ML, Schnitzler, CE, Haddock, SHD. 2016. Non-excitable fluorescent protein orthologs found in ctenophores. BMC Evolutionary Biology 16:167. PMCID: PMC4997694.

Ryan, JF, Schnitzler, CE, Tamm, SL. 2016. Meeting report of Ctenopalooza: the first international meeting of ctenophorologists. EvoDevo 7:19.

Presnell, JS, Schnitzler, CE, Browne, WE. 2015. KLF/SP transcription factor family evolution: expansion, diversification, and innovation in eukaryotes. Genome Biology and Evolution 7:2289-2309. PMID: 26232396.

Pope, WH, Bowman, CA, Russell, DA, Jacobs-Sera, D, Asai, DJ, Cresawn, SG, Jacobs, WR Jr, Hendrix, RW, Lawrence, JG, Hatfull, GF, Science Education Alliance Phage Hunters Advancing Genomics and Evolutionary Science, Phage Hunters Integrating Research and Education, Mycobacterial Genetics Course. 2015. Whole genome comparison of a large collection of mycobacteriophages reveals a continuum of phage genetic diversity. eLife 4:e06416. PMID: 25919952. [I was part of the Science Education Alliance Phage Hunters Advancing Genomics and Evolutionary Science group.]

Maxwell, EK, Schnitzler, CE, Havlak, P, Putnam, NH, Nguyen, AD, Moreland, RT, Baxevanis, AD. 2014. Evolutionary profiling reveals the heterogeneous origins of classes of human disease genes: implications for modeling disease genetics in animals. BMC Evolutionary Biology 14:212. PMID: 25281000.

Schnitzler, CE, Simmons DK, Pang, K, Martindale, MQ, Baxevanis, AD. 2014. Expression of multiple Sox genes through embryonic development in the ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi is spatially restricted to zones of cell proliferation. EvoDevo 5:15. PMID: 24834317.

Moreland, RT, Nguyen, AD, Ryan, JF, Schnitzler, CE, Koch, BJ*, Siewert, K*, Wolfsberg, TG, Baxevanis, A.D. 2014. A customized Web portal for the genome of the ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyiBMC Genomics 15:316. PMID: 24773765.

Ryan, JF, Pang, K, Schnitzler, CE, Nguyen, A-D, Moreland, RT, Simmons, DK, Koch, BJ*, Francis, WR, Havlak, P, NISC Comparative Sequencing Program, Smith, SA, Putnam, NH, Haddock, SHD, Dunn, CW, Wolfsberg, TG, Mullikin, JC, Martindale, MQ, Baxevanis, AD. 2013. The genome of the ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi and its implications for cell type evolution. Science 342:1242592. PMCID: PMC3920664.

Schnitzler, CE, Pang, K, Powers, M, Reitzel, AM, Ryan, JF, Simmons, D, Tada, T, Park, M, Gupta, J, Brooks, SY, Blakesley, RW, Yokoyama, S, Haddock, SHD, Martindale, MQ, Baxevanis, AD. 2012. Genomic organization, evolution, and expression of photoprotein and opsin genes in Mnemiopsis leidyi: a new view of ctenophore photocytes. BMC Biology 10:107. PMCID: PMC3570280.

Maxwell, EK, Ryan, JF, Schnitzler, CE, Browne, WE, Baxevanis, AD. 2012. MicroRNAs and microRNA processing machinery are absent in the genome of the ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi. BMC Genomics 13:714. PMCID: PMC3563456.

Detournay, O=, Schnitzler CE=, Poole, A, Weis VM. 2012. Regulation of cnidarian-dinoflagellate mutualisms: Evidence that activation of a host TGFb innate immune pathway promotes tolerance of the symbiont. Developmental and Comparative Immunology 38:525-537. =Co-first author. PMID: 23010490.

Schnitzler, CE, Hollingsworth, LL, Krupp, DA, Weis, VM. 2012. Elevated temperature impairs onset of symbiosis and reduces survivorship in larvae of the Hawaiian coral, Fungia scutaria. Marine Biology 159:633-642.

Pope, WH, Jacobs-Sera D, Russell DA, Peebles CL, Al-Atrache Z…Schnitzler, CE…et al. (192 authors) 2011. Expanding the diversity of mycobacteriophages: Insights into genome architecture and evolution. PLoS ONE 6(1):e16329. PMCID: PMC3029335.

Schnitzler, CE, Weis, VM. 2010. Coral larvae exhibit few measurable transcriptional changes during the onset of coral-dinoflagellate endosymbiosis. Marine Genomics 3:107-116. PMID: 21798204.

Richier, S, Rodriguez-Lanetty, M, Schnitzler, CE, Weis, VM. 2008. Response of the symbiotic cnidarian Anthopleura elegantissima transcriptome to temperature and UV increase. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology D: Genomics and Proteomics 3:283-289. PMID: 20494848.

Schnitzler, CE, Keenan, RJ, McCord, R, Matysik, A, Christianson, LM, Haddock, SHD. 2008. Spectral diversity of fluorescent proteins from the anthozoan Corynactis californica. Marine Biotechnology 10:328-342. Cover photo. PMID: 18330643.

Dunn, SR, Schnitzler, CE, Weis, VM. 2007. Apoptosis and autophagy as mechanisms of dinoflagellate symbiont release during cnidarian bleaching: every which way you lose. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B. 274:3079-3085. PMCID: PMC2293937.

Haddock, SHD, Dunn, CW, Pugh, PR, Schnitzler, CE. 2005. Use of bioluminescent and red-fluorescent lures in deep-sea fish-eating siphonophores. Science 309:263. PMID: 16002609.

Farzan, M, Chung, S, Li, W, Vasilieva, N, Wright, P, Schnitzler, CE, Marchione, RJ, Gerard, C, Gerard, NP, Sodroski, J, Choe, H. 2002. Tyrosine-sulfated peptides functionally reconstitute a CCR5 variant lacking a critical amino-terminal region. Journal of Biological Chemistry 277(43):40397-40402. PMID: 12183462.

Farzan, M, Schnitzler, CE, Vasilieva, N, Leung, D, Kuhn, J, Gerard, C, Gerard, N, Choe, H. 2001. Sulfated tyrosines contribute to the formation of the C5a docking site of the human C5a anaphylatoxin receptor. Journal of Experimental Medicine 193(9):1059-66. PMCID: PMC2193433.

Farzan, M, Vasilieva, N, Schnitzler, CE, Chung, S, Robinson, J, Gerard, NP, Gerard, C, Choe, H, Sodroski, J. 2000. A tyrosine-sulfated peptide based on the N-terminus of CCR5 interacts with a CD4-enhanced epitope of the HIV-1 gp120 envelope glycoprotein and Inhibits HIV-1 entry. Journal of Biogical Chemistry 275 (43):33516-33521. PMID: 10938094.

Farzan, M, Schnitzler, CE, Vasilieva, N, Leung, D, Choe, H. 2000. BACE2, a b-secretase homologue, cleaves at the b-site and within the amyloid-b region of the amyloid-b precursor protein. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 97(17):9712-9717. PMCID: PMC16930.